Our gold standard 8% L-Mandelic Serum is an alpha hydroxy acid serum that contains the chirally correct versions of both l-mandelic acid and l-lactic acid. L-Mandelic acid has a larger molecular weight than other alpha hydroxy acids slowing down epidermal penetration resulting in a more even exfoliation with less irritation. This water-based serum is recommended for skin prone to inflamed acne, noninflamed acne, fungal folliculitis, and hyperpigmentation. Ingredients: Aqua (Water), Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Water, Mandelic Acid (L), Alcohol, Lactic Acid (L), Butylene Glycol, PPG-3 Benzyl Ether Myristate, Alcohol Denat., Niacinamide, Sodium Lactate, Xanthan Gum, Sodium PCA, Sodium Hyaluronate (L), Urea, Phenethyl Alcohol, Caprylyl Glycol, Potassium Sorbate