The highest strength of the retinol activity serums, the ALLSKIN | MED R Ultra Renewal Serum is beautifully light and silky. Must have used 0.5% Renewal Serum prior to this 1% serum Cellular renewal: Retinoids Anti-pollution: EDAFENCE Skin barrier strengthening: Niacinamide & skin hydrators Skin soothers: Chamomile and liquorice extract Anti-ox complex: Vitamins C & E Introduce into skincare regime gradually to avoid skin sensitivity. Apply in the evening to clean skin, avoiding the area around the eyes. A mild tingling sensation and scaling is normal in the first few applications. Avoid direct sun exposure and always use broad spectrum sun protection while using this product.