Our gold standard 11% L-Mandelic Serum is an alpha hydroxy acid serum that contains the chirally correct versions of both l-mandelic acid and l-lactic acid. L-Mandelic acid has a larger molecular weight than other alpha hydroxy acids slowing down epidermal penetration resulting in a more even exfoliation with less irritation. This water-based serum is recommended for skin prone to inflamed acne, noninflamed acne, fungal folliculitis, and hyperpigmentation. Ingredients Aqua (Water), Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Water, Mandelic Acid (L), Lactic Acid (L), Alcohol, Butylene Glycol, PPG-3 Benzyl Ether Myristate, Alcohol Denat., Niacinamide, Polyglyceryl-4 Caprate, Sodium Lactate, Xanthan Gum, Sodium PCA, Sodium Hyaluronate (L), Urea, Phenethyl Alcohol, Caprylyl Glycol, Potassium Sorbate