Age Defence Rejuvenation Crème combines Vitamin A, PBN Spin Traps and a variety of anti-ageing ingredients to address the signs to reduce the appearance of fine lines & wrinkles and lighten age spots. Retinol is a Vitamin A derivative with legendary benefits including increased cell turnover & collagen production, lightening of brown spots, reduction in scarring, smoother skin texture and a brighter complexion. Spin Traps are similar to antioxidants and stabilise free radicals before they have a chance to cause damage (a leading cause of photo-ageing). Studies show its effectiveness in treating a range of diseases arising from free-radical induced oxidative damage, and it is often cited with anti-ageing, anti-inflammatory and scar-reducing benefits. Age Defence Rejuvenation Crème also contains beneficial anti-ageing and moisturising ingredients like Shea Butter, Hyaluronic Acid, Vitamin E, Aloe Vera, Beta Glucosamine and Allantoin.